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3D Printed Intracerebral Haemorrhage
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3D Printed Intracerebral Haemorrhage
Clinical History
The patient was an 80-year old man who suddenly lost consciousness. On examination there was
a right gaze palsy, a left hemiplegia and right hemiparesis.
Pathology
The specimens are coronal sections of the brain at the level of the mammillary bodies (specimen in
which the cut surface of the brainstem where the cerebral peduncles and sustantia nigra are also visible), and
more anteriorly where part of both temporal lobes are included. A massive blood clot has replaced the cerebral
tissue in the region of the left basal ganglia and internal capsule. The haemorrhage has originated in this area
and has ruptured into the left lateral ventricle, and its temporal horn, destroying the walls of the left
lateral ventricle and extending into adjacent brain tissue. The right lateral ventricle is also filled with
blood, but its walls are intact. The blood clot forms a space-occupying lesion, which has expanded the left
cerebral hemisphere, causing a shift of the mid-line structures to the right. There is subfalcine herniation of
the left cingulate gyrus under the falx cerebri (the latter has been removed).
Note
Intra-cerebral haemorrhages of this type are usually a complication of systemic hypertension. The
haemorrhage occurs due to rupture of a micro-aneurism of a branch of the striate arteries, which arise from the
middle cerebral artery and supply the basal ganglia.
GTSimulators by Global Technologies
Erler Zimmer Authorized Dealer
The models are very detailed and delicate. With normal production machines you cannot realize such details like shown in these models.
The printer used is a color-plastic printer. This is the most suitable printer for these models.
The plastic material is already the best and most suitable material for these prints. (The other option would be a kind of gypsum, but this is way more fragile. You even cannot get them out of the printer without breaking them).The huge advantage of the prints is that they are very realistic as the data is coming from real human specimen. Nothing is shaped or stylized.
The users have to handle these prints with utmost care. They are not made for touching or bending any thin nerves, arteries, vessels etc. The 3D printed models should sit on a table and just rotated at the table.